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Stigma in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
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A3641 - Stigma in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Author Block: S. Woo, J. L. Larson; Univ of Michigan - Sch of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Objectives: People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or lung cancer are stigmatized by their history of smoking, but little is known about the similarities and dissimilarities in stigma associated with each condition. A comparison of the two could be useful in advancing the science. This systematic review aimed: 1) to compare existing literature on stigma in people with COPD or lung cancer and 2) to identify existing measures of COPD-related and lung cancer-related stigma.
Methods: We conducted a systematic search of CINAHL/PsycINFO/PubMed/Scopus databases for articles related to stigma in COPD or lung cancer through September 2017. We performed a quality assessment and synthesized findings according to concepts in the models of health-related stigma in people with COPD or lung cancer (Berger et. al., 2011 and Cataldo et al., 2011).
Results: A total of 58 studies met criteria for review: 20 addressed stigma in people with COPD (4 quantitative and 16 qualitative) and 38 addressed stigma in people with lung cancer (24 quantitative and 14 qualitative). We identified no well-established measures of COPD-related stigma; most of the COPD research was qualitative and/or employed unvalidated questions about stigma. The most commonly used measure for lung cancer-related stigma was the Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (Cataldo et. al. 2011); it was used in 10 studies. People with COPD linked stigma to smoking, the diagnosis itself, symptoms of COPD (e.g., cough and shortness of breath) and stigma triggers such as the use of inhalers and supplemental oxygen. People with lung cancer linked stigma to their smoking behavior, their poor prognosis, and the type of death. Previous- and current-smokers reported higher levels of stigma than people who never smoked.
Conclusions: People with COPD or lung cancer are similar in their perceptions of stigma, “they did it to themselves”. Studies have shown that lung cancer-related stigma is associated with patient outcomes including increased psychological distress, poor quality of life, low help-seeking, poor medication adherence, and low social support. Less is known about COPD-related stigma in part because there are no reliable and valid measures of COPD-related stigma. It may be useful to develop a reliable and valid stigma scale specifically designed for people with COPD, thereby improving the clarity of conceptualizing COPD-related stigma, as well as providing future research directions to address this issue.
Author Block: S. Woo, J. L. Larson; Univ of Michigan - Sch of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Objectives: People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or lung cancer are stigmatized by their history of smoking, but little is known about the similarities and dissimilarities in stigma associated with each condition. A comparison of the two could be useful in advancing the science. This systematic review aimed: 1) to compare existing literature on stigma in people with COPD or lung cancer and 2) to identify existing measures of COPD-related and lung cancer-related stigma.
Methods: We conducted a systematic search of CINAHL/PsycINFO/PubMed/Scopus databases for articles related to stigma in COPD or lung cancer through September 2017. We performed a quality assessment and synthesized findings according to concepts in the models of health-related stigma in people with COPD or lung cancer (Berger et. al., 2011 and Cataldo et al., 2011).
Results: A total of 58 studies met criteria for review: 20 addressed stigma in people with COPD (4 quantitative and 16 qualitative) and 38 addressed stigma in people with lung cancer (24 quantitative and 14 qualitative). We identified no well-established measures of COPD-related stigma; most of the COPD research was qualitative and/or employed unvalidated questions about stigma. The most commonly used measure for lung cancer-related stigma was the Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (Cataldo et. al. 2011); it was used in 10 studies. People with COPD linked stigma to smoking, the diagnosis itself, symptoms of COPD (e.g., cough and shortness of breath) and stigma triggers such as the use of inhalers and supplemental oxygen. People with lung cancer linked stigma to their smoking behavior, their poor prognosis, and the type of death. Previous- and current-smokers reported higher levels of stigma than people who never smoked.
Conclusions: People with COPD or lung cancer are similar in their perceptions of stigma, “they did it to themselves”. Studies have shown that lung cancer-related stigma is associated with patient outcomes including increased psychological distress, poor quality of life, low help-seeking, poor medication adherence, and low social support. Less is known about COPD-related stigma in part because there are no reliable and valid measures of COPD-related stigma. It may be useful to develop a reliable and valid stigma scale specifically designed for people with COPD, thereby improving the clarity of conceptualizing COPD-related stigma, as well as providing future research directions to address this issue.
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