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A2181 - Changes in Functional Quality and Quality of Life in Patients with Restrictive Lung Disease in a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programme
Author Block: N. Torres del Castillo1, J. Betancourt Peña2, J. Ávila Valencia3, P. Toussaint4; 1Facultad de Salud y Rehabilitación, Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte, Cali, Colombia, 2Facultad de Salud y Rehabilitación, Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte. Universidad del Valle. Cardioprevent SAS, CALI, Colombia, 3Facultad de Salud y Rehabilitación, Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte. Clínica de Occidente S.A, CALI, Colombia, 4Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium.
Introduction:Restrictive lung diseases can involve the patient’s chest wall or directly affect the respiratory system. Pulmonary rehabilitation programmes can improve exercise tolerance, dyspnoea and quality of life outcomes for these patients. Objective:To determine the changes in functional capacity and health-related quality of life outcomes in patients with restrictive lung disease upon completion of a pulmonary rehabilitation programme in Cali, Colombia. Methods:This quasi-experimental study included 50 patients who completed a pulmonary rehabilitation programme between January 2014 and January 2016; the patients had been admitted with restrictive pulmonary disease diagnosed by spirometry. The 8-week programme consisted of one-hour sessions, three times a week, and included continuous treadmill exercise up to 90% of the VO2 reached in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), muscle strengthening exercises up to 40% of maximum resistance (MR) and individual and group education sessions. The patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated at the start of the study. Body mass index, dyspnoea using the MRC scale, functional capacity using 6MWT, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) were all evaluated at the start and end of the study. Qualitative variables were presented as percentages and quantitative variables as mean ± standard deviation. The paired T-test was used to evaluate the differences between means ± standard error (a P value below 0.05 was statistically significant). Results:The patients’ mean age was 53.3 years with a standard deviation of 17.1 years; 58% were men. 36% had smoked. 12(24%) patients had sequellae of tuberculosis, 28(56%) diffuse interstitial lung disease (ILD) and 7(14%) thoracic surgery. On completion of the programme, there was an increase in the distance covered of 72.1(SD, 10.6) metres (P=0.000). Anxiety assessed by the HADS questionnaire had significantly decreased by 1.9 (SD, 0.4) (P=0.000). Quality of life assessed by SGRQ showed significant changes in all areas and a change of 9.6(SD, 2.8) points (P=0.001) in the average total; the area of most improvement was symptoms, with an initial score of 45.3(SD, 21.1) and final score of 35.1(SD, 20.2) (P=0.003). Patients reported a substantial improvement in their exercise-induced dyspnea. Conclusions:These results demonstrate an improvement in both functional capacity and quality of life, confirming that a pulmonary rehabilitation programme can play an important role in the care of patients with restrictive diseases. However, further studies are needed to ascertain whether the effects are maintained in the long term.