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Maternal Radiation Exposure: Does It Alter the Long-Term Development of the Pup’s Respiratory System
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A6979 - Maternal Radiation Exposure: Does It Alter the Long-Term Development of the Pup’s Respiratory System
Author Block: J. McEvoy1, D. Jones2, L. Stoa2, A. M. Hooker3, D. R. Boreham4, D. Dixon5, J. Y. Wilson2; 1Critical Care Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia, 2Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Environmental Protection Agency, Adelaide, Australia, 4Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada, 5ICCU, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia.
Rationale Diagnostic radiation is essential to modern medicine, with its use having grown rapidly over the past few decades. Amongst hospitalized patients, those in Intensive Care Units (ICU) are most likely to receive high cumulative dose of diagnostic radiation, sometimes up to 300 mSv, due to the acute severity of disease, particularly for respiratory or gastrointestinal diagnoses. Advancements in technologies have led to improved diagnosis and patient outcomes however, the radiation risk to the patient is still debated. In the case of pregnancy, the potential risk is not only to the mother but also to the fetus. The perinatal environment can have lasting effects on development of the baby, also known as fetal programming. The aim of this study was to observe if changes to fetal programming induced by ionising radiation, alter the development of the respiratory system and pulmonary immunology. Methods. Pregnant C57/Bl6 mice irradiated at gestational day 15 with a 137Cs gamma radiation (662 keV energy) emitting source at 0 mGy (sham), 50 mGy, 300 mGy, or 1000 mGy. Male and female pups were euthanized by cardiac exsanguination at 17-18 wks postnatal age. Immediately following, the trachea was cannulated and the lungs excised. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed for total cell count, differential and protein analysis. The left lung lobe was resected for wet:dry weight analysis. Results. There was no difference in body weight, wet or dry lung weight, or wet:dry weight ratio between doses of radiation for either male or female animals. BAL cell counts were not significantly different when compared to controls for males or females however, exposures of 50 mGy had a significantly higher BAL cell count compared to 1000 mGy in males (p=0.017). Conclusion. Cell counts from the BAL showed variations between irradiation groups but not compared to the control. However, overall the maternal exposure to ionizing radiation does not appear to significantly alter the development of the lung structure or the prevalence of pulmonary immune cells.
Author Block: J. McEvoy1, D. Jones2, L. Stoa2, A. M. Hooker3, D. R. Boreham4, D. Dixon5, J. Y. Wilson2; 1Critical Care Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia, 2Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Environmental Protection Agency, Adelaide, Australia, 4Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada, 5ICCU, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia.
Rationale Diagnostic radiation is essential to modern medicine, with its use having grown rapidly over the past few decades. Amongst hospitalized patients, those in Intensive Care Units (ICU) are most likely to receive high cumulative dose of diagnostic radiation, sometimes up to 300 mSv, due to the acute severity of disease, particularly for respiratory or gastrointestinal diagnoses. Advancements in technologies have led to improved diagnosis and patient outcomes however, the radiation risk to the patient is still debated. In the case of pregnancy, the potential risk is not only to the mother but also to the fetus. The perinatal environment can have lasting effects on development of the baby, also known as fetal programming. The aim of this study was to observe if changes to fetal programming induced by ionising radiation, alter the development of the respiratory system and pulmonary immunology. Methods. Pregnant C57/Bl6 mice irradiated at gestational day 15 with a 137Cs gamma radiation (662 keV energy) emitting source at 0 mGy (sham), 50 mGy, 300 mGy, or 1000 mGy. Male and female pups were euthanized by cardiac exsanguination at 17-18 wks postnatal age. Immediately following, the trachea was cannulated and the lungs excised. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed for total cell count, differential and protein analysis. The left lung lobe was resected for wet:dry weight analysis. Results. There was no difference in body weight, wet or dry lung weight, or wet:dry weight ratio between doses of radiation for either male or female animals. BAL cell counts were not significantly different when compared to controls for males or females however, exposures of 50 mGy had a significantly higher BAL cell count compared to 1000 mGy in males (p=0.017). Conclusion. Cell counts from the BAL showed variations between irradiation groups but not compared to the control. However, overall the maternal exposure to ionizing radiation does not appear to significantly alter the development of the lung structure or the prevalence of pulmonary immune cells.
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