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RSV Bronchiolitis in Infants Hospitalized During the Epidemic Peak and Non-Peak Months: Different Th1/Th2 Response
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A2865 - RSV Bronchiolitis in Infants Hospitalized During the Epidemic Peak and Non-Peak Months: Different Th1/Th2 Response
Author Block: R. Nenna1, A. Frassanito2, L. Petrarca2, G. Di Mattia1, A. Pierangeli3, C. Scagnolari3, G. Fedele4, I. Schiavoni4, F. Midulla2; 1Department of Pediatrics, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 2Department of Pediatrics, ""Sapienza"" University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 3Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 4Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità,, Rome, Italy.
Introduction: Acute bronchiolitis from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection and the major source of hospitalization in infants. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis during an epidemic season have different phenotypes. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that the balance of type-1/type-2 immune response differs between infants hospitalized during the peak months and those during the non-peak months. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 43 unrelated full-term previously healthy infants hospitalized during the first year of life for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis from November 2016 to April 2017. We stratified infants as follows: hospitalized during the peak months and during the non-peak months. The frequencies of CD4+ producing IFNγ and IL-4 and of CD8+ producing IFNγ T cells were measured by flow cytometry from infant peripheral whole blood. The Th2 polarization index was calculated as the ratio between CD4+ T cells producing IL-4 and CD4+ T cells producing IFNγ. Results: 33 infants were hospitalized during peak months and 10 during the non-peak months. Infants hospitalized during non-peak months had a significantly higher percentage of CD4+ T cells producing IL-4, a slightly lower percentage of CD8+ T cells producing IFNγ and a significantly higher Th2 polarization index than infants hospitalized during the peak months. Conclusion: we demonstrated the presence of two different phenotypes in infants with RSV bronchiolitis: previously healthy full-term infants hospitalized during the peak months and infants with a possible genetic predisposition to atopy, hospitalized during the non-peak months. Our results seem to demonstrate that the increased risk of asthma in infants hospitalized during the non-peak months may be associated to genetic predisposition.
Author Block: R. Nenna1, A. Frassanito2, L. Petrarca2, G. Di Mattia1, A. Pierangeli3, C. Scagnolari3, G. Fedele4, I. Schiavoni4, F. Midulla2; 1Department of Pediatrics, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 2Department of Pediatrics, ""Sapienza"" University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 3Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 4Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità,, Rome, Italy.
Introduction: Acute bronchiolitis from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection and the major source of hospitalization in infants. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis during an epidemic season have different phenotypes. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that the balance of type-1/type-2 immune response differs between infants hospitalized during the peak months and those during the non-peak months. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 43 unrelated full-term previously healthy infants hospitalized during the first year of life for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis from November 2016 to April 2017. We stratified infants as follows: hospitalized during the peak months and during the non-peak months. The frequencies of CD4+ producing IFNγ and IL-4 and of CD8+ producing IFNγ T cells were measured by flow cytometry from infant peripheral whole blood. The Th2 polarization index was calculated as the ratio between CD4+ T cells producing IL-4 and CD4+ T cells producing IFNγ. Results: 33 infants were hospitalized during peak months and 10 during the non-peak months. Infants hospitalized during non-peak months had a significantly higher percentage of CD4+ T cells producing IL-4, a slightly lower percentage of CD8+ T cells producing IFNγ and a significantly higher Th2 polarization index than infants hospitalized during the peak months. Conclusion: we demonstrated the presence of two different phenotypes in infants with RSV bronchiolitis: previously healthy full-term infants hospitalized during the peak months and infants with a possible genetic predisposition to atopy, hospitalized during the non-peak months. Our results seem to demonstrate that the increased risk of asthma in infants hospitalized during the non-peak months may be associated to genetic predisposition.
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