This session will summarize the recent advances in iPS cell differentiation and their use as potential therapies as well as ex vivo lung tissue bioengineering approaches for lung disease and transplantation. The mythbusters session will debate whether or not exogenous cells are needed to induce regeneration or if iPS cells, in the absence of a transplantable matrix, will be sufficient for exogenous approaches to regeneration; whether or not acellular human scaffolds are needed for ex vivo regeneration of lung tissue for transplantation or if xenogeneic scaffolds can be used.