Post-ICU populations are growing and survivors increasingly face challenges of poor outcomes. Besides a profound clinical and operational impact, there is a significant cost to the system for patients who require prolonged care. Better delineation of post-ICU subtypes has the potential to drive different therapeutic interventions across disciplines. However, evidence-based practice is currently dependent on only a handful of landmark studies, and best practices are scarce for assessing, intervening and transitioning post-ICU patients. Significant opportunities exist for research, innovation, and transition partnerships to achieve better patient outcomes.